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Is John Piper’s definition of “Judeo-Christian ethic” sufficient?

I've been reading part of a lecture transcript of John Piper, in which he says that the term “Judeo-Christian ethic” is “flawed.” “If you say 'Judeo' and you mean Jews who do not believe in Jesus Christ but hold to the Ten Commandments, then you're introducing a flaw into worship which is utterly profound,” said Piper.

He goes on to say, “The New Testament is written to say that those who do not honor the Son do not honor the Father. So the concept of a Judeo-Christian ethic as the goal to which people ought to aim is profoundly mistaken, because ethics has to grow out of a true view of God. And to reject Jesus Christ is to have an absolutely flawed view of God. Therefore the ethic of morality that flows from this kind of flawed view of God is going to be flawed, even if some of the behavior is the same.”

I understand what he is saying, and I agree with his point about ethics requiring a proper view of God. But I think he is mistaken in saying that the term “Judeo-Christian ethic” is flawed. The way you define a Judeo-Christian ethic makes all the difference in the world.

I, for instance, believe that to believe in Judeo-Christian ethics does not mean that you are restricting the reality of Jesus. It merely reflects the reality that Jesus is the fulfillment of the Old Testament scriptures. If the term in use was “Judeo ethic” then Piper might have a strong point.

But a Judeo-Christian ethic properly demonstrates the fact that we come from a Jewish tradition in which the 10 Commandments and other ethical and moral commands were intently tied to the covenant God had with His people, and His desire to separate His nation from the others.

Since the coming of Jesus, we now have the fulfillment of those commands and know that we are saved by God’s grace, which comes as a result of faith, which, without works, would be dead. So obviously the works without the grounding of faith and understanding with the heart would be pointless from a salvific standpoint, but not necessarily from a moral standpoint.

“The point of ethics is not merely the shell of the behavior, but it is the inner convictions of the mind, the disposition of the heart, and the goal of what we're displaying. If Jesus Christ is omitted from that then I don't think we have Christian ethics or morality,” says Piper.

Is Piper restricting acts to being either being totally moral or totally immoral? I understand his point that if we were to have no religious faith at all, for instance, and only helped the elderly lady across the street because we thought she might tip us on the other side, then the act would not be a moral one, despite the good it did for the woman.

But if someone has no religious faith and does a good act out of this inner desire to be charitable, selflessly, then could we not also say that the act is moral? God did make us in His image a likeness, after all. Though dismayed and flawed, and regardless of whether or not we recognize Him, we are wonderfully made.

Similarly, when Piper says, “And to reject Jesus Christ is to have an absolutely flawed view of God. Therefore the ethic of morality that flows from this kind of flawed view of God is going to be flawed…” in the first quote, he takes another misstep.

Those who reject Jesus do not necessarily have an “absolutely” flawed view of God. Jews, for instance, have “an incomplete view due to the full revelation in Christ Jesus,” as a friend recently said. They have part of our salvation history, but lack the fulfillment in Jesus Christ. Whether their view of God is absolutely corrupted or just incomplete, would this person also have an absolutely flawed morality?

If God is love, then whenever we love we are participating in the source of love as well. Does that mean the loving unbeliever will be saved? Not necessarily. But the notion that an absolutely flawed view of God, or incomplete one, means an absolutely flawed moral act is unfounded.

While good, selfless and charitable acts are more holy, fulfilling and complete when done in union with a firm belief in Jesus Christ, can’t there be moral acts of varying degrees without that belief?

I say “yes!” What say you?

Comments:

BTW, "Gregory" is Shane. ;)
Gladly. You said, "If God is love, then whenever we love, we are participating in the source of love."

I definitely don't agree. You're looking at the outward facts. But as 1 Samuel 16:7 tells us, "God looks on the heart."

In answering the question of whether non-regenerate sinners can truly do things which are pleasing to a Holy God, you need to come to terms with what the Bible actually has to say on the subject:

Isaiah 64:6: "All of us have become like one who is unclean, and all our righteous acts are like filthy rags; we all shrivel up like a leaf, and like the wind our sins sweep us away."

Romans 3:10-12: "As it is written: "There is no one righteous, not even one; there is no one who understands; there is no one who seeks God. All have turned away, they have together become worthless; there is no one who does good, not even one."

Romans 8:5-8: "For those who live according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh, but those who live according to the Spirit, the things of the Spirit. For to be carnally minded is death, but to be spiritually minded is life and peace. Because the carnal mind is enmity against God; for it is not subject to the law of God, nor indeed can be. So then, those who are in the flesh cannot please God."

It's not a matter of my "personal interpretation." These passages aren't some secret code that's impossible to understand without guidance. They are communicating a simple point to us. Namely, that those in the flesh (the unsaved) CANNOT please God, no matter what they do.

And that's the point which Piper is driving at. Pragmatically, the unsaved can do a whole lot of seemingly good things. Look at Gandhi, Socrates, Confucius, etc. But what Piper's saying is that, in the eyes of God, all of these good works are as filthy rags, because they proceed from depraved hearts whose motivations are consistently selfish and evil.

Can God work through unsaved people? Of course. I believe that He actively restrains evil on this earth every moment of every day, even bringing about praiseworthy deeds through unpraiseworthy individuals. But that doesn't make the individuals, themselves, any less depraved.

In discussing the so-called "Judeo-Christian" ethic then, we have to distinguish between pragmatic and theological truths. Does Judaism contain at least part of God's council? Yes. Does it motivate its adherents to pragmatically righteous lives? Yes, it often does. But much the same can also be said of Islam.

The question, then, is not whether Christianity and Judaism have much in common or share the same roots, but whether they both please God. Jesus answered this question in Matthew 7 & Luke 6, as well as John 14:

“No good tree bears bad fruit, nor does a bad tree bear good fruit. Each tree is recognized by its own fruit. People do not pick figs from thornbushes, or grapes from briers. A good man brings good things out of the good stored up in his heart, and an evil man brings evil things out of the evil stored up in his heart. For the mouth speaks what the heart is full of."

"I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me. If you really know me, you will know my Father as well... Anyone who loves me will obey my teaching. My Father will love them, and we will come to them and make our home with them. Anyone who does not love me will not obey my teaching."

What you're arguing is that bad trees do, in fact, bear good fruit, and that those who do not love Jesus do, in fact, obey His teaching. Sorry, but I just don't see how that's biblically tenable.
Gregory,
Please address this point I made: "If God is love, then whenever we love we are participating in the source of love as well."

It will help me better understand how your personal interpretation of that verse in Romans meshes with your philosophy, which I don't know at all.

We can all point to a particular verse that upholds our point. Westboro Baptist even does that. I'd address more of the philosophical aspects of Piper's point, not the theological.

When an atheist realizes it is a baby in her womb, and not a lump of tissue, and then decides not to abort it because her conscience says not to, isn't that a good and moral act? I have a hard time understanding how the baby being saved is good, but her choice is immoral.
Well in the first place, moral can simply mean "not immoral" at the very least.

In the second place the distinctions are fine. Letting someone die when one can easily save them is not moral. Saving them for money is more moral. Saving them out of loyalty is more moral. Saving them because God commanded is still more moral.
Saving them because one is imbued with God's love is still more moral. And so on. But that does not mean that someone(say a paramedic) who saves people's lives for money is thereby immoral.
Billy v. Shane in "Equivocation Smackdown"
I find this discussion very interesting, and I'm only going to enter it long enough to say that it really helps to define one's terms, and clearly define the scope of the argument. For example, does the term "Judeo-Christian" refer only to Jews who lived prior to the Incarnation? And from what perspective is an act deemed "moral"? If I recall correctly, an unbelieving king funded the rebuilding of Jerusalem on Nehemiah's behalf; that could be seen as a "moral" act. And Paul, earlier in Romans (chapter 3) reminds us that nobody's righteous anyway, in Isaiah's words. Isaiah also gave us a vivid, revolting word picture about our works (the translation "filthy rags" hardly does it justice), but does that mean any mitzvah a Jew does (like my friend who sometimes buys everyone bagels and schmeer, with money from his own pocket) is actually an immoral act? Or are there three categories of act: moral, immoral, and neutral?

It's always interesting to see two PFM staffers slug it out intellectually, since usually they end up expressing friendship to each other even when they simply agree to disagree. Thanks for the ringside seat.
Context is everything. That verse has always seemed to me to be just the commonsensical assumption that if one wills oneself to disobey one has in effect disobeyed, even if one is mistaken about whether God has in fact forbidden something.
Perhaps a word from Paul?
"Let us therefore make every effort to do what leads to peace and to mutual edification. Do not destroy the work of God for the sake of food. All food is clean, but it is wrong for a person to eat anything that causes someone else to stumble. It is better not to eat meat or drink wine or to do anything else that will cause your brother or sister to fall. So whatever you believe about these things keep between yourself and God. Blessed is the one who does not condemn himself by what he approves. But whoever has doubts is condemned if they eat, because their eating is not from faith; and everything that does not come from faith is sin."

(Romans 14:19-23)

If "everything that does not come from faith is sin," then it sounds like Piper has a strong argument. From a purely pragmatic standpoint, there is of course a "Judeo-Christian ethic." But he's not arguing from a pragmatic standpoint. He's arguing from an absolute standpoint. Ultimately, Jewish unbelievers will face the same judgment as all other unbelievers, no matter how many ethical precepts they share with Christians. For not only is faith in Christ the only means of salvation, (John 14:6) it is the only way to please God at all. (Hebrews 11:6)
What about the Good Samaritan, who was of course a heretic? Or Cornelious the Centurion who wasn't even a Jew(though he was probably a Noahide as "auxiliery Jews" are called today)? Or the natives of Malta who showed, "no little kindness"

The Bible never said non-christians cannnot do good things; indeed it is impossible not to do something good in one's life. It is impossible to BE good without grace but being good and doing good things are two things.
I say he's getting worked up over nothing. What people mean when they say Judeo-Christian ethic is a sytem of ethics or laws based on the ten commandments, or on a broad view of the Bible. That's it.